Charles Martel (Charles the Hammer) - grandfather
lived 688 - 741
won the crucial Battle of Tours (732), halting Islamic expansion in western Europe

Charles Martel's sons:
    Carloman (706 - 754)
retired to become a monk in 747
    Pepin the Short (714 - 768)
continued to hold the Muslims off
father of Charlemagne (and Carloman
Carolingians
Charles Martel (686–741)
Carloman (d. 754)
Pepin the Short (714–768)
Carloman I (751–771)
Charlemagne (d. 814)
Louis the Pious (778–840)
After the Treaty of Verdun (843)
Lothair I, Holy Roman Emperor (795–855)
(Middle Francia)
Charles the Bald (823–877)
(Western Francia)
Louis the German (804–876)
(Eastern Francia)

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